Ownership Models for Geological Sequestration: A Comparison of the Emergent Regulatory Models in Australia and the United States
Modern property frameworks are increasingly deployed to support climate change mitigation strategies. The propertization of geological storage formations, utilized for the purpose of carbon capture and storage (CCS), provides a compelling example of this. Pursuant to regulatory changes to the propertization of CCS in the Australian states of Victoria and Queensland, ownership lies with the State, while in the United States, in Montana, North Dakota, and Wyoming, ownership remains with the private owner.
Unfounded Fears About Pollution Trading and Hotspots
EPA emissions inventory and cancer risk data for criteria pollutants and air toxics show clearly that vehicles and small stationary sources emit a majority of the air pollution nationally and account for most of the cancer risks from air toxics. Industrial sources, by contrast, rarely account for more than 10% of cumulative cancer risks from all outdoor sources of air toxics. The observed pattern of emissions is replicated at spatial scales ranging from census tracts to the nation as a whole.
The Important Role of Standards in National Forest Planning, Law, and Management
A focal point in conflict over U.S. national forest management is the writing of regulations and forest plans pursuant to the National Forest Management Act. One of the most contested questions in forest planning is what role standards play and ought to play in the process. Standards are legally enforceable, binding, and mandatory requirements and constraints that are found in planning regulations or individual unit-level national forest plans. Case law and public comments reveal key issues, questions, and concerns related to the use of standards in forest planning and law.
The Newest Player in the Climate Change/Renewable Energy Game: EPA’s $100+ Billion Clean Water State Revolving Fund
On August 13, 2013, the state of New York set an important legal precedent that could help to retard climate change and reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in the United States. On that day, the New York State Energy Research and Development Authority (the Authority) issued $23.4 million in bonds to fund residential energy-efficiency projects. The bonds were rated AAA/Aaa, thanks to a financial guaranty from the New York State Environmental Facilities Corporation (EFC).