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Sovereign Iñupiat for a Living Arctic v. Bureau of Land Management

A district court dismissed environmental groups' challenge to BLM's approval of a 600-million-barrel oil development project in the National Petroleum Reserve-Alaska. The groups first argued BLM violated NEPA by failing to consider a reasonable range of alternatives and by failing to adequately anal...

Western Watersheds Project v. U.S. Department of the Interior

A district court denied environmental groups' motion to preliminarily enjoin implementation of a BLM-approved watershed restoration project in eastern Nevada. The groups argued BLM violated NEPA by failing to take a "hard look" at the project's impacts, and violated FLPMA by failing to address speci...

Western Watersheds Project v. McKay

In an unpublished opinion, the Ninth Circuit affirmed in part and reversed in part summary judgment for the Forest Service and FWS in a challenge to their approval of a cattle grazing project in Oregon. Environmental groups first argued the Service's final EIS failed to take a "hard look" at three i...

Lowman v. Federal Aviation Administration

The Eleventh Circuit denied several individuals' petition to review FAA approval of an airport expansion project in Florida. The individuals argued FAA violated NEPA by segmenting its review of a single development project into multiple, smaller projects to make environmental effects appear less sig...

O'Reilly v. United States Army Corps of Engineers

The Fifth Circuit reversed a district court ruling upholding the Army Corps of Engineers' decision to issue a CWA §404 permit to fill wetlands for a commercial and residential development project in St. Tammany Parish, Louisiana. Parish residents and environmental groups argued the Corps' decision ...

American Bird Conservancy v. Granholm

A district court denied in part and dismissed in part two nonprofit groups' challenge to DOE's approval of a freshwater offshore wind project in Lake Erie. The groups argued DOE violated NEPA by failing to prepare an EIS and failing to take a "hard look" at reasonable alternatives and cumulative imp...

Desert Protection Society v. Haaland

A district court denied an environmental group's motion for summary judgment in a challenge to BLM's decision to amend the California Desert Conservation Area Plan and grant a right-of-way to a company to construct and operate an electric energy project near Joshua Tree National Park. The group argu...

Western Watersheds Project v. Perdue

A district court denied environmental groups' motion for summary judgment in a challenge to the Forest Service's approval of a grazing project in the Apache-Sitgreaves and Gila National Forests. The groups argued the Service violated NEPA by failing to take a "hard look" at impacts on Mexican gray w...

Utah v. Environmental Protection Agency

The D.C. Circuit denied the state of Utah's motion to stay EPA's 2023 "good neighbor" rule, which aims to ensure that 23 states meet the CAA's good neighbor requirements by reducing ozone-forming emissions of nitrogen oxides from power plants and industrial facilities that contribute to compliance i...

NEPA Litigation Over Large Energy and Transport Infrastructure Projects

Despite five decades of experience, there is a considerable gap in legal and empirical study on the impacts of the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA). Proponents of reform often claim NEPA litigation is a major obstacle for federal actions; others have concluded litigation is not a major contributor of project cost escalation or delays. This Article studies the incidence and conditions of infrastructure project litigation under NEPA, using a data set of 355 major transportation and energy infrastructure projects that completed a federal environmental study between 2010 and 2018.