Deploying Advanced Nuclear Reactor Technologies for National Security

               By the authority vested in me as President by the 
               Constitution and the laws of the United States of 
               America, it is hereby ordered:

               Section 1. Background. The United States faces a 
               critical national security imperative to ensure a 
               resilient, secure, and reliable energy supply for 
               critical defense facilities designated under section 
               824o-1(c) of title 16, United States Code, and other 
               mission capability resources. Advanced computing 
               infrastructure for artificial intelligence (AI) 
               capabilities and other mission capability resources at 
               military and national security installations and 
               national laboratories demands reliable, high-density 
               power sources that cannot be disrupted by external 
               threats or grid failures. These facilities and 
               resources' vulnerability to energy disruption 
               represents a strategic risk that must be addressed.

               Advanced nuclear reactors include nuclear energy 
               systems like Generation III+ reactors, small modular 
               reactors, microreactors, and stationary and mobile 
               reactors that have the potential to deliver resilient, 
               secure, and reliable power to critical defense 
               facilities and other mission capability resources. 
               However, despite its promise, such technology has not 
               been utilized in the United States at the scale or 
               speed necessary to meet the Nation's urgent national 
               security requirements, while our adversaries are 
               rapidly exporting and deploying such technology around 
               the world.

               The Federal Government must utilize its full authority 
               to accelerate the secure and responsible development, 
               demonstration, deployment, and export of United States 
               designed advanced nuclear technologies to bolster 
               readiness and enhance American technological 
               superiority. Additionally, the United States must 
               further enhance our ability to export our nuclear 
               technology to our allies and commercial partners, 
               strengthening our shared ability to combat reliance on 
               foreign adversaries through the use of safe, secure, 
               and safeguarded nuclear technologies. Therefore, we 
               must unleash the domestic nuclear industrial base and 
               position American nuclear companies as the partners of 
               choice for future energy growth throughout the world.

               Sec. 2. Policy. It is the policy of the United States 
               to:

                   (a) ensure the rapid development, deployment, and 
               use of advanced nuclear technologies to support 
               national security objectives, such as the protection 
               and operation of critical infrastructure, critical 
               defense facilities, and other mission capability 
               resources;
                   (b) enable private sector investment, innovation, 
               development, and use of advanced nuclear technologies 
               in the United States, recognizing their benefit to 
               national security, by aligning incentives across the 
               Federal Government to fully leverage federally owned 
               uranium and plutonium resources declared excess to 
               defense needs, related nuclear material, supply chain 
               components, and research and development 
               infrastructure; and
                   (c) coordinate regulatory efforts across the 
               Department of Defense and the Department of Energy, 
               ensuring that these agencies optimize resources and 
               risk allocation in accordance with their respective 
               missions sets.

               Sec. 3. Deployment and Use of Advanced Nuclear Reactor 
               Technologies at Military Installations. (a) The 
               Secretary of Defense, through the Secretary of the 
               Army, shall establish a program of record for the 
               utilization of nuclear
               energy for both installation energy and operational 
               energy. The Secretary of Defense, through the Secretary 
               of the Army, shall commence the operation of a nuclear 
               reactor, regulated by the United States Army, at a 
               domestic military base or installation no later than 
               September 30, 2028. The Secretary of Defense shall 
               designate the Secretary of the Army as the executive 
               agent for both installation and operational nuclear 
               energy across the Department of Defense.

                   (b) The Secretary of Energy shall provide technical 
               advice, as requested, to the Secretary of Defense on 
               the design, construction, and operation of any advanced 
               nuclear reactor on a military installation pursuant to 
               this order.
                   (c) The Secretary of State shall provide advice to 
               the Secretary of Defense on any international legal 
               requirements, or any necessary modification to 
               international agreements or arrangements, relevant to 
               this order.
                   (d) Within 240 days of the date of this order, the 
               Secretary of Defense shall, in coordination with the 
               Secretary of Energy, the Director of the Office of 
               Management and Budget (OMB), and the Secretaries of the 
               military departments, prepare and submit to the 
               Assistant to the President for National Security 
               Affairs recommendations for legislative proposals and 
               regulatory actions regarding the distribution, 
               operation, replacement, and removal of advanced nuclear 
               reactors and spent nuclear fuel on military 
               installations.

               Sec. 4. Deployment and Use of Advanced Nuclear Reactor 
               Technologies at Department of Energy Facilities. (a) 
               The Secretary of Energy shall initiate the process for 
               designating AI data centers within the 48 contiguous 
               States and the District of Columbia, in whole or in 
               part, that are located at or operated in coordination 
               with Department of Energy facilities, including as 
               support for national security missions, as critical 
               defense facilities, where appropriate. The electrical 
               infrastructure, including both nuclear and non-nuclear 
               power generation infrastructure, needed to operate such 
               shall be considered defense critical electric 
               infrastructure, for purposes of this order and 
               subsequently across all applicable statutes, 
               regulations, and directives or other non-regulatory 
               statements of policy, as appropriate and consistent 
               with applicable law.

                   (b) Within 90 days of the date of this order, the 
               Secretary of Energy shall designate one or more sites 
               owned or controlled by the Department of Energy within 
               the United States, including national laboratories, for 
               the use and deployment of advanced nuclear reactor 
               technologies.
                   (c) The Secretary of Energy shall utilize all 
               available legal authorities to site, approve, and 
               authorize the design, construction, and operation of 
               privately funded advanced nuclear reactor technologies 
               at Department of Energy-owned or controlled sites for 
               the purpose of powering AI infrastructure, other 
               critical or national security needs, supply chain 
               items, or on-site infrastructure. The Secretary of 
               Energy shall prioritize early site preparation and 
               authorization activities with a goal of operating an 
               advanced nuclear reactor at the first site no later 
               than 30 months from the date of this order.

               Sec. 5. Uranium and Related Materials for Reactors 
               Referenced in this Order. (a) Within 90 days of the 
               date of this order, the Secretary of Energy shall 
               identify all useful uranium and plutonium material 
               within the Department of Energy's inventories that may 
               be recycled or processed into nuclear fuel for reactors 
               in the United States.

                   (b) The Secretary of Energy shall release into a 
               readily available fuel bank not less than 20 metric 
               tons of high assay low-enriched uranium (HALEU) for any 
               project from the private sector which receives 
               authorization to construct and operate at a Department 
               of Energy-owned or controlled site and that is 
               regulated by the Department of Energy for the purpose 
               of powering AI and other infrastructure. The Secretary 
               of Energy shall retain such stockpiles of fuel as are 
               necessary for tritium production, naval propulsion, and 
               nuclear weapons as well as other existing national 
               security obligations and therefore draw from other 
               caches of Department of Energy-owned
               material to provide HALEU for the fuel bank pursuant to 
               this section. To the extent feasible, the Secretary of 
               Energy shall implement plans to ensure that a long-term 
               supply of enriched uranium is available for the 
               continued operation of the projects referenced in this 
               first sentence of this subsection, including through 
               the establishment of domestic fuel fabrication and 
               supply chains to reduce reliance on foreign sources of 
               fuel.
                   (c) The Secretary of Defense and the Secretary of 
               Energy shall utilize all available legal authorities to 
               site, approve, and authorize the design, construction, 
               and operation of privately-funded nuclear fuel 
               recycling, reprocessing, and reactor fuel fabrication 
               technologies at identified sites controlled by their 
               respective agencies for the purpose of fabricating fuel 
               forms for use in national security reactors, commercial 
               power reactors, and non-power research reactors.

               Sec. 6. Interagency Coordination. The Secretary of 
               Defense and the Secretary of Energy shall execute any 
               useful contract or agreement under any of their 
               respective authorities to support implementation of 
               this order, including contracts or agreements for 
               technical advisory support from the Department of 
               Energy at Department of Defense installations for 
               research, development, design, acquisition, 
               specification, construction, inspection, installation, 
               certification, testing, overhaul, refueling, operation, 
               maintenance, supply support, and disposition of 
               advanced nuclear reactor technologies in support of 
               mission assurance objectives for critical 
               infrastructure and to ensure military readiness and 
               support from the Department of Defense to identify 
               novel uses of advanced nuclear reactor technologies for 
               defense applications and testing at Department of 
               Energy-owned or controlled sites.

               Sec. 7. National Environmental Policy Act Compliance. 
               The Secretary of Defense and the Secretary of Energy 
               shall consult with the Chairman of the Council on 
               Environmental Quality regarding:

                   (a) applying the Department of Defense's and the 
               Department of Energy's established categorical 
               exclusions under the National Environmental Policy Act 
               (NEPA), 42 U.S.C. 4321 et seq., for the construction of 
               advanced nuclear reactor technologies on certain 
               Federal sites within the United States and for any 
               other appropriate measures for the purposes of 
               implementing this order;
                   (b) adopting other executive departments and 
               agencies' (agencies) categorical exclusions for the 
               same purposes;
                   (c) establishing new categorical exclusions for the 
               same purposes;
                   (d) seeking to utilize other agencies' emergency 
               and other permitting procedures for the siting and 
               construction of advanced nuclear reactor technologies; 
               and
                   (e) developing alternative arrangements for 
               compliance with NEPA in emergency situations as 
               appropriate for the same purposes.

               Sec. 8. Promoting American Nuclear Exports. (a) The 
               Secretary of State or the Secretary of State's designee 
               shall:

(i) lead diplomatic engagement and negotiations for Agreements for Peaceful 
Nuclear Cooperation pursuant to section 123 of the Atomic Energy Act of 
1954, 42 U.S.C. 2153 (123 Agreements);

(ii) aggressively pursue at least 20 new 123 Agreements by the close of the 
120th Congress to enable the United States nuclear industry to access new 
markets in partner countries;

(iii) aggressively renegotiate 123 Agreements set to expire within the next 
decade;

(iv) fully leverage the resources of the Federal Government to promote the 
United States nuclear industry in the development of commercial civil 
nuclear projects globally; and

(v) lead engagement with the Congress regarding the progress and reporting 
of negotiating 123 Agreements.

                   (b) The Secretary of Energy shall expeditiously 
               review and, subject to the concurrence of the Secretary 
               of State and after consultation with the Nuclear 
               Regulatory Commission, the Department of Commerce, and 
               the Department of Defense, adjudicate export 
               authorization requests to facilitate United States 
               technological leadership. The Secretary of Energy, 
               subject to the concurrence of the Secretary of State 
               and after consultation with the Nuclear Regulatory 
               Commission, the Department of Commerce, and the 
               Department of Defense, shall approve or deny each 
               technology transfer export authorization request within 
               30 days of receipt of a complete application and 
               completion by the Department of Energy of the required 
               accompanying analysis, excluding any time period 
               waiting for (i) concurrence from the Department of 
               State; and (ii) retransfer and nonproliferation 
               assurances to be received from the government of the 
               country where the export is proposed to be sent.
                   (c) Within 90 days of the date of this order, the 
               Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy 
               and the Assistant to the President for Economic Policy 
               shall, in consultation with the Secretary of State, the 
               Secretary of the Treasury, the Secretary of Commerce, 
               the Secretary of Energy, the Director of OMB, the 
               Assistant to the President for National Security 
               Affairs, and the Chair of the National Energy Dominance 
               Council, determine a strategy which addresses:

(i) optimizing the value of the United States International Development 
Finance Corporation to provide equity and other financing of American 
nuclear energy technology;

(ii) increasing the effectiveness of the United States Trade and 
Development Agency, as consistent with law, by expanding grant financing 
for United States nuclear technology pilots, fuel supplies, and project 
preparation to recently graduated high income economies of national 
strategic interest;

(iii) leveraging the Export-Import Bank of the United States and other 
relevant agencies to increase financing for projects utilizing United 
States civil nuclear technology exports throughout the project lifecycle;

(iv) holding trade missions and reverse trade missions and leveraging other 
trade promotion tools to remove trade barriers and increase the market 
competitiveness of the United States nuclear industry; and

(v) achieving competitive parity in the global market for high-level 
advocacy and representation from the Federal Government to foreign 
governments of potential import countries to include alignment on nuclear-
related bilateral issues, focusing on countries with the highest 
probability of nuclear deployment within the next 4 years based on industry 
assessment and established commercial criteria such as the strength of the 
country's financial and regulatory system.

                   (d) Within 90 days of the date of this order, the 
               Secretary of the Treasury shall, in consultation with 
               the Secretary of State, the Secretary of Commerce, the 
               Secretary of Energy, the Director of OMB, the Director 
               of the Office of Science and Technology Policy, the 
               Chair of the National Energy Dominance Council, and the 
               Assistant to the President for Economic Policy, 
               determine a strategy that:

(i) leverages United States participation in the multilateral development 
banks to support client country access to financial and technical 
assistance for the generation and distribution of nuclear energy and a 
reliable fuel supply; and

(ii) supports such assistance at relevant institutions to make financial 
support available on competitive terms, strengthen the capacity of such 
institutions to assess, implement, and evaluate nuclear energy projects, 
and support adoption of nuclear energy technologies and fuel supply chains 
that meet or exceed the quality standards in the United States or a country 
allied with the United States.

                   (e) Within 90 days of the date of this order, the 
               Secretary of State or his designee shall, in 
               consultation with the Secretary of Commerce and
               the Secretary of Energy, and after review by the 
               Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy 
               and the Assistant to the President for Economic Policy, 
               implement a program to enhance the global 
               competitiveness of American nuclear suppliers, 
               investors, and lenders to compete for nuclear projects 
               around the globe, including actions to:

(i) expedite the conclusion of intergovernmental agreements on nuclear 
energy and the fuel supply chain with potential export countries;

(ii) promote broad adherence to the Convention on Supplementary 
Compensation for Nuclear Damage;

(iii) identify statutory and regulatory burdens on exports of American 
nuclear technology, fuel supplies, equipment, and services that are not 
addressed by this or other Executive Orders and recommend appropriate 
remedial action; and

(iv) encourage favorable decisions by potential import countries on the use 
of American nuclear technology, fuel supplies, equipment, and services.

               Sec. 9. Prioritization of Nuclear Clearances. The 
               Secretary of Defense, through the Defense 
               Counterintelligence and Security Agency and in 
               consultation with the Secretary of Energy, shall 
               prioritize the issuance as appropriate of Department of 
               Energy and Department of Defense security clearances 
               including ``L'', ``Q'', ``SECRET'', ``TOP SECRET'', 
               ``RD'', ``CNWDI'', and ``SCI'' to support the rapid 
               distribution and use of nuclear energy and fuel cycle 
               technologies.

               Sec. 10. Other Provisions. Nothing in this order shall 
               be construed to impair or otherwise affect OMB 
               functions related to procurement actions and related 
               policy. This order shall be carried out subject to the 
               budgetary, legislative, and procurement processes and 
               requirements established by the Director of OMB, and 
               coordinated with OMB, as appropriate, prior to the 
               initiation of any new program, obligation, or 
               commitment of Federal funds or submission of any 
               legislative or procurement proposal arising from this 
               order. This order shall be carried out in a manner 
               which adheres to applicable legal requirements, 
               conforms with nonproliferation obligations, and meets 
               the highest safeguards and safety and security 
               standards.

               Sec. 11. General Provisions. (a) Nothing in this order 
               shall be construed to impair or otherwise affect:

(i) the authority granted by law to an executive department or agency, or 
the head thereof; or

(ii) the functions of the Director of the Office of Management and Budget 
relating to budgetary, administrative, or legislative proposals.

                   (b) This order shall be implemented consistent with 
               applicable law and subject to the availability of 
               appropriations;
                   (c) This order is not intended to, and does not, 
               create any right or benefit, substantive or procedural, 
               enforceable at law or in equity by any party against 
               the United States, its departments, agencies, or 
               entities, its officers, employees, or agents, or any 
               other person.
                   (d) The Department of Energy shall provide funding 
               for publication of this order in the Federal Register.
                              
                 DONALD J. TRUMP

               THE WHITE HOUSE,

                   May 23, 2025.