Reinvigorating the Nuclear Industrial Base

               By the authority vested in me as President by the 
               Constitution and the laws of the United States of 
               America, it is hereby ordered:

               Section 1. Purpose. The United States originally 
               pioneered nuclear energy technology during a time of 
               great peril. We now face a new set of challenges, 
               including a global race to dominate in artificial 
               intelligence, a growing need for energy independence, 
               and access to uninterruptible power supplies for 
               national security.

               It took nearly 40 years for the United States to add 
               the same amount of nuclear capacity as another 
               developed nation added in 10 years. Further, as 
               American deployment of advanced reactor designs has 
               waned, 87 percent of nuclear reactors installed 
               worldwide since 2017 are based on designs from two 
               foreign countries. At the same time, the Nation's 
               nuclear fuel cycle infrastructure has severely 
               atrophied, leaving the United States heavily dependent 
               on foreign sources of uranium as well as uranium 
               enrichment and conversion services. These trends cannot 
               continue.

               Swift and decisive action is required to jumpstart 
               America's nuclear energy industrial base and ensure our 
               national and economic security by increasing fuel 
               availability and production, securing civil nuclear 
               supply chains, improving the efficiency with which 
               advanced nuclear reactors are licensed, and preparing 
               our workforce to establish America's energy dominance 
               and accelerate our path towards a more secure and 
               independent energy future.

               Sec. 2. Policy. It is the policy of the United States 
               to expedite and promote to the fullest possible extent 
               the production and operation of nuclear energy to 
               provide affordable, reliable, safe, and secure energy 
               to the American people, to power advanced nuclear 
               reactor technologies, as defined in 42 U.S.C. 
               16271(b)(1)(A), and to build associated supply chains 
               that secure our global industrial and digital 
               dominance, achieve our energy independence, protect our 
               national security, and maximize the efficiency and 
               effectiveness of nuclear fuel through recycling, 
               reprocessing, and reinvigorating the commercial sector.

               Sec. 3. Strengthening the Domestic Nuclear Fuel Cycle. 
               (a) Within 240 days of the date of this order, the 
               Secretary of Energy, in coordination with the Secretary 
               of Defense, the Secretary of Transportation, and the 
               Director of the Office of Management and Budget (OMB), 
               shall prepare and submit to the President, through the 
               Chair of the National Energy Dominance Council and the 
               Director of the Office of Science and Technology 
               Policy, a report that includes:

(i) a recommended national policy to support the management of spent 
nuclear fuel and high-level waste and the development and deployment of 
advanced fuel cycle capabilities to establish a safe, secure, and 
sustainable long-term fuel cycle;

(ii) a review of relevant statutory authorities to identify any legislative 
changes necessary or desirable to achieve the national policy recommended 
under subsection (a)(i) of this section;

(iii) an evaluation of the reprocessing and recycling of spent nuclear fuel 
from the operation of Department of Defense and Department of Energy 
reactors and other spent nuclear fuel managed by the Department of Energy, 
along with a discussion of steps the Department of Defense
and the Department of Energy are taking or must take to improve such 
reprocessing and recycling processes;

(iv) an analysis of legal, budgetary, and policy considerations relevant to 
efficiently transferring spent nuclear fuel from reactors to a government-
owned, privately operated reprocessing and recycling facility;

(v) recommendations for the efficient use of the uranium, plutonium, and 
other products recovered through recycling and reprocessing;

(vi) recommendations for the efficient disposal of the wastes generated by 
recycling or reprocessing through a permanent disposal pathway;

(vii) a recommended process for evaluating, prior to disposal, nuclear 
waste materials for isotopes of value to national security, or medical, 
industrial, and scientific sectors;

(viii) a reevaluation of historic and current nuclear reprocessing, 
separation, and storage facilities slated for decommissioning and that are 
identified as having valuable materials, isotopes, equipment, licenses, 
operations, or experienced workers, and that may have potential fuel cycle 
or national security benefits if operations are continued or increased; and

(ix) a program to develop methods and technologies to transport, 
domestically and overseas, used and unused advanced nuclear fuels and 
advanced nuclear reactors containing such fuels in a safe, secure, and 
environmentally sound manner, including any legislation required to support 
this initiative.

                    (b) Within 120 days of the date of this order, the 
               Secretary of Energy, in consultation with the Chair of 
               the Nuclear Regulatory Commission and the Director of 
               OMB, shall develop a plan to expand domestic uranium 
               conversion capacity and expand enrichment capabilities 
               sufficient to meet projected civilian and defense 
               reactor needs for low enriched uranium (LEU), high 
               enriched uranium (HEU) and high assay, low enriched 
               uranium (HALEU), subject to retention of such 
               stockpiles as are necessary for tritium production, 
               naval propulsion, and nuclear weapons. The plan shall 
               be implemented based on the timeframes set forth in the 
               plan.
                    (c) The Secretary of Energy shall halt the surplus 
               plutonium dilute and dispose program except with 
               respect to the Department of Energy's legal obligations 
               to the State of South Carolina. In place of this 
               program, the Secretary of Energy shall establish a 
               program to dispose of surplus plutonium by processing 
               and making it available to industry in a form that can 
               be utilized for the fabrication of fuel for advanced 
               nuclear technologies.
                   (d) Within 90 days of the date of this order, the 
               Secretary of Energy, in consultation with the Secretary 
               of Defense as appropriate, shall update the Department 
               of Energy's excess uranium management policy to align 
               with the policy objectives of this order and the 
               Nuclear Fuel Security Act, factoring in the national 
               security need to modernize the United States nuclear 
               weapon stockpile. The Secretary of Energy shall 
               prioritize contracting for the development of fuel 
               fabrication facilities that demonstrate the technical 
               and financial feasibility to supply fuel to qualified 
               test reactors or pilot program reactors within 3 years 
               from the date of such applications.
                   (e) Within 30 days of the date of this order, the 
               Secretary of Energy, in coordination with the Attorney 
               General and the Chairman of the Federal Trade 
               Commission, shall utilize the authority provided to the 
               President in section 708(c)(1) of the Defense 
               Production Act of 1950 (DPA) (50 U.S.C. 4558(c)(1)), 
               which has been delegated to the Secretary of Energy 
               pursuant to Executive Order 13603 of March 16, 2012 
               (National Defense Resources Preparedness), to seek 
               voluntary agreements pursuant to section 708 of the DPA 
               with domestic nuclear energy companies. The Secretary 
               of Energy should prioritize agreements with those 
               companies that have achieved objective milestones 
               (e.g., Department of Energy-approved conceptual safety 
               design reports, the ability to privately finance their 
               fuel, or the demonstrated technology capability) for 
               the cooperative procurement of LEU and HALEU,
               including as needed by the Federal Government for 
               tritium production, naval propulsion, and nuclear 
               weapons.
                   (f) The Secretary of Energy, the Attorney General, 
               and the Chairman of the Federal Trade Commission shall 
               take all necessary and appropriate steps under sections 
               708(c), (d), (e), and (f)(1)(A) of the DPA (50 U.S.C. 
               4558(c), (d), (e), (f)(1)(A)), for the Secretary of 
               Energy to form agreements pursuant to subsection (e) of 
               this section.
                   (g) The Attorney General shall, after consultation 
               with the Chairman of the Federal Trade Commission, 
               consider whether to make the finding described in 
               section 708(f)(1)(B) of the DPA (50 U.S.C. 
               4558(f)(1)(B)), with respect to any agreement and, no 
               later than 30 days after any voluntary agreement is 
               reached, shall publish such finding as appropriate.
                   (h) Such voluntary agreements shall further allow 
               consultation with domestic nuclear energy companies to 
               discuss and implement methods to enhance the capability 
               to manage spent nuclear fuel, including the recycling 
               and reprocessing of spent nuclear fuel, to ensure the 
               continued reliable operation of the Nation's nuclear 
               reactors. Such voluntary agreements shall also allow 
               industry consultation to establish consortia and plans 
               of action to ensure that the nuclear fuel supply chain 
               capacity, including milling, conversion, enrichment, 
               deconversion, fabrication, recycling, or reprocessing, 
               is available to enable the continued reliable operation 
               of the Nation's existing, and future, nuclear reactors. 
               The Secretary of Energy, consistent with applicable 
               law, is authorized to provide procurement support, 
               forward contracts, or guarantees to such consortia as a 
               means to ensure offtake for newly established domestic 
               fuel supply, including conversion, enrichment, 
               reprocessing, or fabrication capacity.

               Sec. 4. Funding for Restart, Completion, Uprate, or 
               Construction of Nuclear Plants. (a) To maximize the 
               speed and scale of new nuclear capacity, the Department 
               of Energy shall prioritize work with the nuclear energy 
               industry to facilitate 5 gigawatt of power uprates to 
               existing nuclear reactors and have 10 new large 
               reactors with complete designs under construction by 
               2030. To help achieve these objectives, the Secretary 
               of Energy, through the Department of Energy Loan 
               Programs Office, shall, subject to the requirements of 
               the Federal Credit Reform Act and other applicable law 
               and OMB Circular A-11, prioritize activities that 
               support nuclear energy, including actions to make 
               available resources for restarting closed nuclear power 
               plants, increasing power output of operating nuclear 
               power plants, completing construction of nuclear 
               reactors that was prematurely suspended, constructing 
               new advanced nuclear reactors, and improving all 
               associated aspects of the nuclear fuel supply chain.

                   (b) The Secretary of Energy shall also coordinate 
               with the Secretary of Defense to assess the feasibility 
               of restarting or repurposing closed nuclear power 
               plants as energy hubs for military microgrid support, 
               consistent with applicable law, focusing initially on 
               installations with insufficient power resilience or 
               grid fragility.
                   (c) Within 180 days of the date of this order, the 
               Secretary of Energy, in coordination with the 
               Administrator of the Small Business Administration, 
               shall, subject to the availability of appropriations, 
               prioritize funding for qualified advanced nuclear 
               technologies through grants, loans, investment capital, 
               funding opportunities, and other Federal support. 
               Priority shall be given to those companies 
               demonstrating the largest degrees of design and 
               technological maturity, financial backing, and 
               potential for near-term deployment of their 
               technologies.

               Sec. 5. Expanding the Nuclear Energy Workforce. (a) 
               Nuclear engineering and other careers and education 
               pathways that support the nuclear energy industry shall 
               be considered areas of focus and priority pursuant to 
               Executive Order 14278 of April 23, 2025 (Preparing 
               Americans for High-Paying Skilled Trade Jobs of the 
               Future).

                   (b) Within 120 days of the date of this order, the 
               Secretary of Labor and the Secretary of Education shall 
               seek to increase participation in nuclear
               energy-related Registered Apprenticeships and Career 
               and Technical Education programs by:

(i) using apprenticeship intermediary contracts and allocating existing 
discretionary funds, as appropriate and consistent with applicable law, to 
engage industry organizations and employers to perform a gap analysis of 
apprenticeship programs, and facilitate the development of Registered 
Apprenticeship programs, in nuclear energy-related occupations that are 
underrepresented;

(ii) encouraging States and grantees to use funding provided under the 
Workforce Innovation and Opportunity Act (Public Law 113-128), as amended, 
to develop nuclear engineering and other nuclear energy-related skills and 
to support work-based learning opportunities, including issuing related 
guidance to State and local workforce development boards and others 
regarding use of such funds for such purposes; and

(iii) consistent with applicable law, establishing nuclear engineering and 
other nuclear energy-related skills training and work-based learning as a 
grant priority in Employment and Training Administration and Office of 
Career, Technical, and Adult Education discretionary grant programs.

                   (c) Within 120 days of the date of this order, all 
               executive departments and agencies that provide 
               educational grants shall, as appropriate and consistent 
               with applicable law, consider nuclear engineering and 
               other nuclear energy-related careers as a priority area 
               for investment.
                   (d) Within 120 days of the date of this order, the 
               Secretary of Energy shall take steps to increase access 
               to research and development infrastructure, workforce, 
               and expertise at Department of Energy National 
               Laboratories for college and university students 
               studying nuclear engineering and other nuclear energy-
               related fields, and Department of Defense personnel 
               affiliated with nuclear energy programs.

               Sec. 6. Other Provisions. Nothing in this order shall 
               be construed to impair or otherwise affect OMB 
               functions related to procurement actions and related 
               policy. This order shall be carried out subject to the 
               budgetary, legislative, and procurement processes and 
               requirements established by the Director of OMB, and 
               coordinated with OMB, as appropriate, prior to the 
               initiation of any new program, obligation, or 
               commitment of Federal funds, or submission of any 
               legislative or procurement proposal arising from this 
               order. This order shall be carried out in a manner 
               which adheres to applicable legal requirements, 
               conforms with nonproliferation obligations, and meets 
               the highest safeguards, safety, and security standards.

               Sec. 7. General Provisions. (a) Nothing in this order 
               shall be construed to impair or otherwise affect:

(i) the authority granted by law to an executive department or agency, or 
the head thereof; or

(ii) the functions of the Director of the Office of Management and Budget 
relating to budgetary, administrative, or legislative proposals.

                   (b) This order shall be implemented consistent with 
               applicable law and subject to the availability of 
               appropriations.
                   (c) This order is not intended to, and does not, 
               create any right or benefit, substantive or procedural, 
               enforceable at law or in equity by any party against 
               the United States, its departments, agencies, or 
               entities, its officers, employees, or agents, or any 
               other person.
                   (d) The Department of Energy shall provide funding 
               for publication of this order in the Federal Register.
                              
                DONALD J. TRUMP

               THE WHITE HOUSE,

                   May 23, 2025.