The City of Keene, New Hampshire, (“City”) petitions the Environmental Appeals Board (“Board”) to review a Clean Water Act (“CWA” or “Act”) National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (“NPDES”) permit (“Final Permit”) issued by the United States Environmental Protection Agency Region 1 (“Region”). The Final Permit authorizes the City to discharge effluent from the Keene Wastewater Treatment Plant, a publicly owned treatment works, to the Ashuelot River in Swanzey, New Hampshire.