The Ninth Circuit held that Washington state's management of barrier culverts, which allow streams to flow underneath roads, violated various Native American treaties from the 1850s and ordered the state to correct them. The "Stevens Treaties" were entered into in 1854-1855 between Native American t...

A district court, on motions for summary judgment, held that the owner of a farm violated the CWA when he allowed wetlands on his property to be tilled. The record shows that the farm discharged a pollutant to navigable waters from a point source without a permit. Soil is a pollutant, the wetlands o...