Editors' Summary: Science plays a central role in ensuring that our environmental, health, and safety laws and regulations are protective of human health and the environment. The author presents several instances where scientists were allegedly fired or otherwise attacked because employers or others were disturbed by the results of their scientific research. Kuehn surveys the legal protections available to scientists and the legal tools available to their detractors when disputes over scientific speech arise. He concludes that additional protections are needed to ensure that scientists are free to present their findings without fear or unwarranted retribution.